Turbine.



.N0.`345,675. PATENTED FEB. 26, 1907.

ANTROBUS.

TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 7, 1906.

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PATENTE!) FEB. 26, 1907.

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APPLICATION FILED NOV 7 1906 PATENTED PEB. 26, 1907.

C. ANTROBUS. TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED Nov. 7, 1906.

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lnvento/a PATENTED PEB. 26, 1907.

C. ANTRBUSY TURBINE. l APPLIUATINFILED NOV. 7, 1906.

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Specication of Letters Patent. l

Patented Feb. 26, 1907.

Application filed November 7I 1906. Serial No. 342,395.

1'0 ad 'u1/tom, it may con/cern,.-

Be'it. known that LCHARLES ANTROBUs, a citizen of the United States, and serving in the United States N avy on board the U. S. S.

5 Adams, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines 5 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full', clear, and exact description ot' the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

'lhis invention relates to improvements in parallel-flow turbines, and particularly to that class wherein reversal ofthe power-shaft is attained without changing the direction of loW of the operating fluid.

In the instant case the primary object of the invention is to provide a revolublymounted' outer shell member provided with inwardly-disposed radial vanes and an internal rotary member provided with outwardlydisposed radial vanes, the `vanes ofthe two members alternating longitudinally of the turbine, with means for throwing said rotary members in and out of clutch with the powershaft and means for alternately locking and releasing said members. i

Another object of the invention resides in the particular construction and arrangement whereby the operating fluid is introduced into the turbine.

While I do not limit myself to the exact details shown, for the purpose o f disclosure reference is had to the accompanying drawings, illustrating a practical embodiment of; the invention, in which-- Figure 1 is a plan view of my improved turbine. Fig. 2 is an end-elevation with the clutch members removed and the power' shaft shown in section. Fig. 3 is a longitu- 40 dinal vertical section through Fig. 1, the view being broken away centrally. Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the hollow head on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3 and looking to the left.- Fig. 4a is a fragmentary detailview on the line of Fig. 4. Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the clutch mechanism, showing the relative positions of the inner and outer clutches when the outer clutch isin operative engagement with 'the turbine. Fig. 6 is an end. view showing the manner of mounting the clutches so that they may slide longitudinally of each other. Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the clutch mechanism, showin the osition of the clutches when the inner c utch is in operative engagement with theturbine.

' Fig. 8 is a detail view of one ofthe vanes or blades of the rotary members. Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view thrcughthe outer casing and inner rotary member, showing a modiued construction with the brake-bands '6o and other external parts omitted; and Big. 10 is a local sectional view showing another manner of mounting the vanes.

1 designates the lowerhalf of a plurality of bearings suitably mounted on a base-sup-- porttand 2 designates the upper half of saidl bearings bolted to the lower half, as shown in Fig. 2. 'lhese bearings are of circularconstruction and are adapted to receive and support a rotatably-mounted member 3, 7o comprising a shell forming an operating part of the turbine. While this shell is snnply shown as being snugly mounted in the bearings, it will be understood, of course, that suitable rollerl or ball bearings may be inter- '7 5 posed between the shell and the bearings 1 and '2. rThis shell 3'is provided at its ends with a reduced or' hub portion 4,' and for strengthening purposes this hub portion is connected to the shell by the st rengthening- `8o webs 5, disposed around the heads ofthe shell. In order to have access to the interior of this shell, hand-holesy 6 and 7, provided with suitable covers, are mounted at the respective ends of the shell or casing.

Extending longitudinally of the interior of the casing is an internal rotatable menh'er, which in the drawings, Fig. v2, is shownas-'Ja substantially solid shaft V25, having .a borei) therethrough terminating at oneendv in ther-i90 enlarged chamber 10. "hisinternal member 8 is provided at each end with annular projections 11, operating in annular recesses formed on the inside of the heads 4 of the outer casing, and the insides of said hubs are 'g5 similarly provided with internal annular projections 12, operating in recesses cut in the member 8. This allows the rotary Inovement of these two members relatively to each other, but prevents longitudinal movement. roo The hub portions of the outer casing are p ro.-`

vvided with suitable annular recesses to receivethe glands 13 for forming a packing between the two rotating members. One of the huh-s of the casing and the adjlacent end of l the rotary member 8 are respectively providedswith. the annular clutch-teeth 14 and 15, adapted to coperate with clutching mechanism, hereinafter referred'to.

The shell or cylinder 3 is providedwit'h 'affxo longitudinal Series. Ot, inwardlyrxtndifng'radially-disposed vanes 16, terminating adjae Cent the mterinal. rotarymember, 8, and said; internal rotary member 8 is similarly pro- 5 vided with a longitudinal series of outwardlyextending radially-disposed vanes 17, the Wlls f Said members alternating'with each other longitudinally of the turbine. One of these vanes is shown in Fig. 8- and? comprises 1 0 the curvedvblade 16, mounted'on a baseV 1'8,

' which maybeaperturedi ion riveting or boltingthe same tothe cylinder' or the internal rotarymember, asthecasemaybe. Aat theinlet end ottheltunbine, Figs. 2 and t5. 4g, there is provided a sui-table hollow head having nozzles orl-po 1-ts=V for-introducing the operating-Huid to theserieso venes.- In the construction. illustrated: the internal: rotaryl member-8isprovided"Wit-h` a. plurality of ra. ze, dialpassageslQ, (feu-rbeinghshown,)i andl dis;

saidv passages:` is arranged; a

Etsen-stenza having-Spammen.foamingchamben 2**1 and1 provided!`- on its front face, with al plurality.- otgA nozzles or sluts 22,

z;- disposedl adjacent to,y and communicatingwiththe v anesofthe turbine ati-.that end of dierenginei 'Ehe radial passagefWays- 19ia-re in communication with the. central bore of the, inter-nab mem-ber 8, which bore is4 pro- 'gowidedwitha 'pef23, extending-,fahren h 'and beyondithefoeriendof the engine-an for-m ing'A ann inlet-pipe forfthef operating fluid. Within: the enlarged chamber 1'0 and around the-pipe 23 is disposedr asuitabl'e packing.I of

asbestQs on similar material 24, contained Within. a-metalcasing, which may be supportedlby braces-26', as: shown in Fig. 3.

L 2T designates the exhaust or outlet pipe for-theengine end isprovidedwith a-reces'sed 4p flange 2 8, fermingabearingfertile-reduced end-2Qotrtheinnervretaryfmemben, and interposedbeftweenthis reduced end andthereiiange referred toiis -a suitablepackingfgland3Q; 'lfhe-exh-austepipe 271 is provided 4 5. with brace-.rods3ltwhich su port a casing 24,

eontainingasbestos packed? 23; The end' of the. pi eV 23 is rotatably mounted- Withinthe en Y ofi the. pipe- '23%, 5 o which latter pipe is providedwith i asuitable recessedf flange toreceive the packinggland`=32- 33, in-A dett'edlinesin Fig. 3, designatesa handlhole-forgettingaceessto said. packing- 515 rings mountedy thereon isaclutch meinber- 35.', lacked against independent rotation rela.-

tively.- to` said-'- shaftI by the` longitudinal esplines-A 36,'.Fi'g--- 6, and'slidingly mounted on said innervclutch35 is an outer clutch mem.

ber 37 g similarly keyed'to the inner clutchby The inne'clutch is 34de`signates the power-shaft3 and slid ably- -aroundfthe-.pipe f 23., ferminga continuation ofthe inlet-pipe '411. :is inwenga ement with a pin.V on the pivoted lever 42, t e free end otwhich is connectedk `by the link 43 toV one endo" a. pivotally mounted. arm-44; connected, as. at 45, with the rod39; A

Any suitable means may be provided? for `outer; -end'y of which4 is mounte 453. The segmental-brake-bands.- 51: prefer- `the operating iluid through the 'saine will-pass through' the radia into the chamber 21, through the slots onnoz ales-Q22, andstriking the firstseries ofivanesf. =16Will rotate. the cylinder` 3, andhence-the 'power-shaft, in one direction, the operating Y the faces of these clutch members are each provided with the teeth 35b and'37b, respectively, adaptedA t'o engagewith the teeth 15 and 140i the rotating members of the engine.

` These'- clutch Amembers are simultaneously thrown into and out of engagement by means of the mechanism shown in Figlj, wherein 38 designates a lever pivotally mounted at 38a and provided with a pin engaging the slot 35a. The ree-endof this lever is connected withthe operating-rod 39, pivotally connectedf, asfat 40, tothe pivotally-.mounted handle Similarly, the recess 3-7'a yof the clutch 37 maintaining either the outer cylinder Borin-A :ternal rotary member 8 locked or released Arelatively to eachother, andjin the drawings Lhave shown- (more-clearly in. Figs. l and;2) y aricti'on-brake comprising two substantially semicircular segments 46, pivotally'support- Ved'at their lower ends, as at 47:, to-thebasesupport and at. their` upper: endiprovidedfwith' lugs. 48, screWQthreaded towrecei've aV right .and left handedscrew, the outerl end 'of whichis lrotatably supportedin a suitable upf. `rightorbearing 49 and1 is provided! with a. ihand-Wheel 50. This brake may be disposed 'about centrally around; the cylinder 3. For theinnerfrot-ary member I provide: a Similar brakingmechanism consisting of the .pirotmin segments 51 and the operatinsscrw 52, tile 'inft euprig t IOO ably engage an enlarged-'annular shoulder-8",

formed at the outer end of the internal rotary' .member 8, as. clearlyfshowniin Figi 3'. lt :Will-.beunderstoom ofcourse, thatiany. suit- -a-ble throttle arrangement may-beprovided rfor; controlling the admission. of:` the operating Huid.

From the foregoing-it: will be vseernthat in roperationr, the inner rotary. member being braked; ancltheoutery rotary member; re-

leased, With. the ,teeth of! the clutch. member 37v in engagement: withthe teethv14 of'. theouter rotary member,y uponthe admissionof pipe 23l the .passages 9 luidpassing through the turbine and through al plurality of annularly-disposedslots 10, cut through the internal member 8, thence discharging into the outlet-passage.10, and

finally through the exhaust-pi e 27. If-itis upon the incoming operating fluid will force the vanes 17 and the internal member 8 in a reverse direction to that heretofore described, the passage of the operating fluid following the same course as previously explained.

f rI'he hand-holes 6 and 7 aHord easy access tothe glands or stuling-boxes 13 for repacking same when necessary. It will also be seen that by the link arrangement shown in Fig. 1 that one of the clutch members will be thrown out of clutch as the other one is thrown in clutch. y

Referring to Fig. 9, it will be seen that the principle and operation ofthe construction 1s ana ogous to that previously described; but in a great many instances it has been found expedientto place the hollow head or shell centrally ofthe machine with nozzles on each side discharging to the vanes in oposite directions. In this construction, therefore, the inner rotating member 8 is provided at both ends with the enlarged chambers 10, ports 10a being provided at opposite ends of the turbine instead of at one end, as in the previously-described structure. The passages 19` are disposed similarly to those previously described, but are located centrally of theturbine instead of at one end thereof, and over these passages is arranged the hollow'head or shell 20, carried by the inner member 8 and provided on its op osite faces with a plurality of circumferential y-disposed nozzles or ports 22 of the construction previously described, which nozzles dischar e the operating fluid to the vanes immediate y adjacent thereto. It will be understood, of course, that the vanes on opposite sides of the hollow head will be so set as to properly receive the incoming operating Huid.

23 designates the inlet-pipe, as in the previous construction, and 10 indicates a plurality of conduits extending through the central solid portion of the internal member adjacent the radial passages 19 and forming communicating conduits between the two enlarged chambers 10, whereby the exhaust at both ends of the turbine may be conducted through the enlarged chamber 10 at the inlet end of the turbine and out through the exhaust-pipe 27.

In the modification shown in Fig.- 10 it will be seen that the only dierence between the structure therein shown and that previously described is that the heads 18a of the vanes, Fig. 8, are dovetailed into their respective supports, as at 18, Fig. 10.

Having thus described the invention, whatl I claim is 1. In a turbine, the combination with an inner rotary member provided with vanes, ofan outer rotary member mounted on said inner member andcomprising a casing provided with vanes, a power-shaft, clutch mechansm associated with said rotary members and power-shaft, locking means for said memand forming the exhaust-passage therefor, of a cylinder rotatably mounted on said inner member, said cylinder and inner rotary member being respectively provided with correlated vanes, an inlet-pipe extending interiorly of said inner member, means forming communicating passages between said inletpipe and the interior of the turbine, a powershaft, clutch mechanism associated with said rotary members and power-shaft, and lock- `ing .means for saidmembers whereby one member may be locked and the other free to rotate, substantially as described.

3. In a turbine, the combination with a rotatably-mounted casing provided' wi th vanes, lof an internal rotary member provided with vanes and having an enlarged chamber and an inlet-pipe extending interiorly thereof, said inlet-pipe terminating at radial passages through said inner member, and sai-d enlarged chamber communicating with the interior of the casing through ports, a hollow head carried by said inner rotary member in communication with said radial passages and provided on its inner face with a plurality of nozzles adjacent said vanes, annular clutch-gears carried by said casing and internal rotary member, a power-shaft, an inner clutch member coperating with said internal rotary member slidably mounted on said power-shaft but locked against independent rotation thereof, and an outer clutch member similarly mounted on said inner clutch member and cooperating with the clutch-gear of said rotating cylinder, means for simultaneously throwing said respective clutches in and out of clutch, and loc ring means for said rotating membersl whereby one member may be locked and the other free to rotate, substantially as described,

4. I-n a turbine, the combination with a rotary inner member-7 of a cylinder rotatably mounted ronsaidinner member, said cylinder and inner rotary member being respectively provided with coperatino` vanes, means located centrally within said cylinder adapted to discharge the operating fluid in opposite directions against the vanes therein, an inletpipe for introducing the operating fluid to said internal discharging means, means for conducting off the exhaust, a power-shaft, clutch mechanism associated with said rotary members and power-shaft, and locking Acat'ing with the exhaust end of the turbine Y IOO ISO

and inner rotaryv member being respectively means for said members, whereby one membei' may be .locked and the other free to rotate, substantially -as described.

5,. In a turbine, the combination with a rotary inner member having enlar ed chambers atvopposite ends thereof an a central solid portion provided With radially-extending passages, 4communicating Aconduits being formedl between said enlarged chambers adjacent said passages and one of said enlarged chambers lcommunicating With the exhaustpipe of the turbine., of a cylinder rotatably mounted en said inner mem-ber, said cylinder providedwith coperating vanes, communi- `Eating; .ports being disposed between said cylinder andenlargedhambers at oppositeends v of said series of vanes, an inlet-pipe passing through one of said enlar ed chambers an communicating' with sai radial passagezo Ways7 and-a hollow head disposed around said radial passages and provided on its opposite faces with discharge-nozzles, a powershaft, clutch mechanism :associated with said rotary members and powershaft,-and lock- -2 5 ing means for said members, whereby one member may be locked and the `other free to rotate, substantially as described.

In testimony'whereof I- aiiix my signature 'in prese-nce of two Witnesses.A

CHARLES-ANTROBUS Witnesses: O. KA. SMT-rn, v P. C. GASKILL. 

